Russia's President Vladimir Putin and U.S. President Donald Trump | Mikhail Klimentyev/AFP via Getty Images

Trump barrels into Europe’s pipeline politics

The controversial Nord Stream 2 pipeline has divided Europe.

By

Updated

Donald Trump surprised his fellow NATO leaders at a summit Wednesday by ripping into Germany for its support of the controversial Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline project.

If the U.S. president was looking for an issue that divides European and NATO allies, he certainly found one. Critics of the proposed pipeline — which would run from Russia to Germany via the Baltic Sea, circumventing Ukraine — say it would tighten the Russian-owned Gazprom’s grip on a region traditionally highly dependent on Russian gas.

POLITICO breaks down who is for, and who is against, the controversial project.

Donald Trump: Against

The U.S. president’s outburst was another attack on Germany and other NATO allies he accuses of not paying their fair share for the military alliance. Germany’s energy dependence makes it “totally controlled by Russia,” he said. Trump also likely has his eyes on commercial interests. The U.S. is a major producer of liquefied natural gas, and Trump is keen to boost gas sales to Europe.

Angela Merkel: For

The German chancellor has been one of the project’s most powerful supporters. The pipeline’s financial patrons include two large German companies, Wintershall and Uniper, and Merkel’s coalition partners, the Social Democrats, are committed political patrons. In April, however, Merkel acknowledged for the first time that there were “also political considerations” to a project she had earlier insisted was strictly commercial. Chief among them: The project risks robbing Ukraine of its importance as a transit country for gas to Europe.

Petro Poroshenko: Against

The Ukrainian president maintains the pipeline is a geopolitical project meant to weaken his country, following Russia’s annexation of Crimea and the ongoing conflict between Moscow and Kiev. But there’s also money involved. Nord Stream 2 would divert a significant amount of EU gas around — rather than through — Ukraine, denying it some $2 billion-$3 billion per year in transit fees.

Vladimir Putin: For

The Russian president has been very keen to see Nord Stream 2 through. Russia has often described the pipeline as boosting the EU’s energy security, given its growing need for gas imports. In a joint conference with Merkel in May, he said he would ensure the pipeline gets built. Moscow has said it is open to looking at continuing gas transit through Ukraine, but only if doing so makes economic sense.

Mateusz Morawiecki: Against

Poland is the pipeline’s most ardent and vocal opponent in the EU. Nord Stream 2, Warsaw warns, would concentrate Russian gas imports through one route and increase Central and Eastern Europe’s vulnerability to the Kremlin. Poland has support from Baltic countries such as Lithuania and other Eastern European neighbors. Earlier this year, the Polish prime minister described Nord Stream 2 as a “weapon of hybrid warfare” and “a poison pill for European security, which can have far-reaching consequences.” He has called on the U.S. to impose sanctions to block its construction.

Maroš Šefčovič: Against

The European Commission vice president, a Slovak, has repeatedly said that the Gazprom-backed pipeline is not in line with the bloc’s objective of building an energy union, which is meant to ensure diversified gas routes and suppliers. Having unsuccessfully tried to stop the project, the Commission is now trying to ensure the pipeline, if built, will be regulated according to EU rules. But even that effort has met strong opposition from the project’s supporters in the European Council.

Martin Selmayr: For

Not everybody in the Commission opposes the pipeline. Merkel has an ally in the institution’s secretary-general, a German who was until recently Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker’s chief of staff. Behind the scenes at the Commission, Selmayr is known as Merkel’s bad cop in the debate and the pipeline’s protector when it comes to ensuring Nord Stream 2 doesn’t get tangled up in legal obstacles.

Sebastian Kurz: For

One of the biggest energy companies backing the project is Austria’s OMV, so it’s no surprise the Nord Stream 2 has the country’s chancellor’s backing. Austria is also home to one of the EU’s most important gas trading hubs, Baumgarten, and Nord Stream 2 would strengthen its position as a key gas distribution center. Austria also holds the EU’s rotating six-month presidency, leading some to worry that Kurz will use the opportunity to let the Commission’s gas proposals die on the Council’s table.

Donald Tusk: Against

The European Council president and former Polish prime minister is not a fan of Nord Stream 2. In public appearances, Tusk has argued that the pipeline goes against the EU’s wider energy security interests. He has also pushed national governments to follow through on the Commission’s proposals to regulate the pipeline.

Lars Løkke Rasmussen: ???

The Danish prime minister holds the wild card in the Nord Stream 2 debate. Nord Stream 2 would pass through Danish territorial waters, giving Copenhagen the power to veto the project. Denmark is considering its options: On the one hand, it doesn’t want to upset Germany, a key ally and trading partner. But it is also under pressure from the U.S., and Central and Eastern Europe to put a stop to it. If Rasmussen does exercise his veto, the pipeline could be rerouted further out to bypass Denmark’s territorial waters. But he would have bought Nord Stream 2’s opponents more time.

Authors:
Anca Gurzu 

Click Here: Putters